中华人民共和国宪法英译本(10)
发布时间：2007/11/2 浏览次数：5350
第五十一条 中华人民共和国公民在行使自由和权利的时候，不得损害国家的、社会的、集体的利益和其他公民的合法的自由和权利。 Article 51 Citizens of the People"s Republic of China, in exercising their freedoms and rights, may not infringe upon the interests of the state, of society or of the collective, or upon the lawful freedoms and rights of other citizens.
第五十二条 中华人民共和国公民有维护国家统一和全国各民族团结的义务。 Article 52 It is the duty of citizens of the People"s Republic of China to safeguard the unification of the country and the unity of all its nationalities.
第五十三条 中华人民共和国公民必须遵守宪法和法律，保守国家秘密，爱护公共财产，遵守劳动纪律，遵守公共秩序，尊重社会公德。 Article 53 Citizens of the People"s Republic of China must abide by the Constitution and the law, keep state secrets, protect public property, observe labour discipline and public order and respect social ethics.
第五十四条 中华人民共和国公民有维护祖国的安全、荣誉和利益的义务，不得有危害祖国的安全、荣誉和利益的行为。 Article 54 It is the duty of citizens of the People"s Republic of China to safeguard the security, honour and interests of the motherland; they must not commit acts detrimental to the security, honour and interests of the motherland.
第五十五条 保卫祖国、抵抗侵略是中华人民共和国每一个公民的神圣职责。 Article 55 It is the sacred duty of every citizen of the People"s Republic of China to defend the motherland and resist aggression.
依照法律服兵役和参加民兵组织是中华人民共和国公民的光荣义务。 It is the honorable duty of citizens of the People"s Republic of China to perform military service and join the militia in accordance with the law.
第五十六条 中华人民共和国公民有依照法律纳税的义务。 Article 56 It is duty of citizens of the People"s Republic of China to pay taxes in accordance with the law.
第三章 国家机构 第一节 全国人民代表大会 Chapter III The Structure of the State Section 1 The National People"s Congress
第五十七条 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会是最高国家权力机关。它的常设机关是全国人民代表大会常务委员会。 Article 57 The National People"s Congress of the People"s Republic of China is the highest organ of state power. Its permanent body is the Standing Committee of the National People"s Congress.
第五十八条 全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使国家立法权。 Article 58 The National People"s Congress and its Standing Committee exercise the legislative power of the state.
第五十九条 全国人民代表大会由省、自治区、直辖市和军队选出的代表组成。各少数民族都应当有适当名额的代表。 Article 59 The National People"s Congress is composed of deputies elected from the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and of deputies elected from the armed forces. All the minority nationalities are entitled to appropriate representation.
全国人民代表大会代表的选举由全国人民代表大会常务委员会主持。 Election of deputies to the National People"s Congress is conducted by the Standing Committee of the National People"s Congress.
全国人民代表大会代表名额和代表产生办法由法律规定。 The number of deputies to the National People"s Congress and the procedure of their election are prescribed by law.
第六十条 全国人民代表大会每届任期五年。 Article 60 The National People"s Congress is elected for a term of five years.
全国人民代表大会任期届满的两个月以前，全国人民代表大会常务委员会必须完成下届全国人民代表大会代表的选举。 The Standing Committee of the National People"s Congress must ensure the completion of election of deputies to the succeeding National People"s Congress two months prior to the expiration of the term of office of the current National People"s Congress.
如果遇到不能进行选举的非常情况，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会以全体组成人员的三分之二以上的多数通过，可以推迟选举，延长本届全国人民代表大会的任期。 Should extraordinary circumstances prevent such an election, it may be postponed and the term of office of the current National People"s Congress extended by the decision of a vote of more than two-thirds of all those on the Standing Committee of the current National People"s Congress.
在非常情况结束后一年内，必须完成下届全国人民代表大会代表的选举。 The election of deputies to the succeeding National People"s Congress must be completed within one year after the termination of such extraordinary circumstances.
第六十一条 全国人民代表大会会议每年举行一次，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会召集。如果全国人民代表大会常务委员会认为必要，或者有五分之一以上的全国人民代表大会代表提议，可以临时召集全国人民代表大会会议。 Article 61 The National People"s Congress meets in session once a year and is convened by its Standing Committee. A session of the National People"s Congress may be convened at any time the Standing Committee deems it necessary or when more than one-fifth of the deputies to the National People"s Congress so propose.
